maud/docs/content/splices-toggles.md
2021-11-21 19:58:58 +11:00

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# Splices and toggles
## Splices: `(foo)`
Use `(foo)` syntax to insert the value of `foo` at runtime.
Any HTML special characters are escaped by default.
```rust
let best_pony = "Pinkie Pie";
let numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4];
# let _ = maud::
html! {
p { "Hi, " (best_pony) "!" }
p {
"I have " (numbers.len()) " numbers, "
"and the first one is " (numbers[0])
}
}
# ;
```
Arbitrary Rust code can be included in a splice by using a [block].
This can be helpful for complex expressions
that would be difficult to read otherwise.
```rust
# struct Foo;
# impl Foo { fn time(self) -> Bar { Bar } }
# struct Bar;
# impl Bar { fn format(self, _: &str) -> &str { "" } }
# fn something_convertible_to_foo() -> Option<Foo> { Some(Foo) }
# fn test() -> Option<()> {
# let _ = maud::
html! {
p {
({
let f: Foo = something_convertible_to_foo()?;
f.time().format("%H%Mh")
})
}
}
# ;
# Some(())
# }
```
[block]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference.html#block-expressions
### Splices in attributes
Splices work in attributes as well.
```rust
let secret_message = "Surprise!";
# let _ = maud::
html! {
p title=(secret_message) {
"Nothing to see here, move along."
}
}
# ;
```
To concatenate multiple values within an attribute,
wrap the whole thing in braces.
This syntax is useful for building URLs.
```rust
const GITHUB: &'static str = "https://github.com";
# let _ = maud::
html! {
a href={ (GITHUB) "/lambda-fairy/maud" } {
"Fork me on GitHub"
}
}
# ;
```
### Splices in classes and IDs
Splices can also be used in classes and IDs.
```rust
let name = "rarity";
let severity = "critical";
# let _ = maud::
html! {
aside #(name) {
p.{ "color-" (severity) } { "This is the worst! Possible! Thing!" }
}
}
# ;
```
### What can be spliced?
You can splice any value that implements [`Render`][Render].
Most primitive types (such as `str` and `i32`) implement this trait,
so they should work out of the box.
To get this behavior for a custom type,
you can implement the [`Render`][Render] trait by hand.
The [`PreEscaped`][PreEscaped] wrapper type,
which outputs its argument without escaping,
works this way.
See the [traits](render-trait.md) section for details.
```rust
use maud::PreEscaped;
let post = "<p>Pre-escaped</p>";
# let _ = maud::
html! {
h1 { "My super duper blog post" }
(PreEscaped(post))
}
# ;
```
[Render]: https://docs.rs/maud/*/maud/trait.Render.html
[PreEscaped]: https://docs.rs/maud/*/maud/struct.PreEscaped.html
## Toggles: `[foo]`
Use `[foo]` syntax to show or hide something
based on a boolean expression `foo`.
This works on empty attributes:
```rust
let allow_editing = true;
# let _ = maud::
html! {
p contenteditable[allow_editing] {
"Edit me, I "
em { "dare" }
" you."
}
}
# ;
```
And classes:
```rust
let cuteness = 95;
# let _ = maud::
html! {
p.cute[cuteness > 50] { "Squee!" }
}
# ;
```